Iaea tecdoc 1218 software#

A simple approach was developed for the separation and determination of inorganic arsenic species using solid phase extraction and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). Additionally, the method of using radiotracers circumvents the hazard of detecting contamination from other sources of the trace element studied, as only the radioactive tracer is measured This is due to the fact that the emission of the radiation by the radionuclide is independent of physical and chemical influences. Even when the method seems effortless, such as electrochemical atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) or electrochemistry, it will be more tedious than for gamma spectrometry. Detection of gamma rays consists of a simple measurement of the radioactivity without requiring the type of sample preparation and calibration that is necessary with other techniques. The advantage in ease of detection of trace element amounts of radioactive isotopes is unsurpassed for gamma rays, and useful in many a case of positron and beta emitters. The separation steps are common to the nonradioactive procedures, and the only difference lies in the final detection of the analyte. Therefore, the radiotracer has to be incorporated under the identical form as the species endogenous to the system on the basis of complete isotope exchange. The most basic assumption is that the radiotracer behaves exactly in the same way as the stable isotopes of the element it characterises. The development of methods for chemical speciation analysis can be facilitated to a great extent by incorporating a suitable radioisotope of the element into the system and measuring the radiation of the isolated species. Analytical recoveries both for inorganic and organic species ranged between 92 and 107 %. Measured element detection limits (3 Пѓ) were around 10 ng mL -1 for all the species considered, making the method a viable alternative to similar procedures that employ volatile hydride generation previous to sample injection into the plasma. After optimisation of the separation operating conditions, three nebulizers and three spray chambers, employed in seven combinations, were tested regarding sensitivity and signal to noise ratio.

Iaea tecdoc 1218 software#

A simple data acquisition procedure was adapted from the commercial software of the instrument to allow multi-wavelength recording of the transient chromatographic peaks.

The column effluent was injected into the plasma by pneumatic nebulization without prior derivatization. The performance of a simultaneous inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer with axial plasma observation and CCD detection was evaluated for the direct on-line determination of As and Se species previously separated by ion exchange-high performance liquid chromatography.